زمین شناسی اقتصادی

زمین شناسی اقتصادی

زمین‌ شیمی و سنگ‌ زایی کمپلکس افیولیتی بشاگرد، منشور برافزایشی مکران، جنوب‌ شرقی ایران: رهیافتی بر منشأ ماگما و جایگاه تکتونوماگمایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشیار، گروه ژئوشیمی، دانشکده علوم‌زمین، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
2 استاد، گروه علوم‌زمین، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه سلطان قابوس، مسقط، سلطان‌نشین عمان
3 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه ژئوشیمی، دانشکده علوم‌زمین، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
4 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه ژئوشیمی، دانشکده علوم‌زمین، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
5 استاد، گروه زمین‌شناسی مهندسی‌، دانشگاه آنکارا، تاندوغان، آنکارا، ترکیه
6 کارشناسی‌ارشد، سازمان زمین‌شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی، تهران، ایران
7 استادیار، گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد چالوس، چالوس، ایران
چکیده
کمپلکس افیولیت‌ملانژ بشاگرد، در منشور برافزایشی مکران، اغلب از توالی‌های گوشته‌ای شامل هارزبورژیت، دونیت، لرزولیت، پیروکسنیت و عدسی‌های کرومیتیت تشکیل‌شده است. بررسی‌های سنگ‌شناسی نشان می‌دهد، واحدهای اولترامافیک، مافیک و اسیدی این کمپلکس به ترتیب، شامل پریدوتیت، گابرو و گرانودیوریت هستند و در سری‌های ماگمایی تولئیتی و پهنه انتقالی قرار دارند. الگوهای عناصر کمیاب خاکی بیانگر غنی‌شدگی پریدوتیت‌ها از LILE و LREE و تهی‌شدگی از HFSE  و HREE است که با فرایند ذوب‌بخشی و واکنش سیالات و مذاب‌های گذری با پریدوتیت‌های گوشته‌ای اولیه تفسیر می‌شود. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از تجزیه شیمیایی کانی‌های سیلیکاته، کلینوپیروکسن‌های واحدهای اولترامافیک از نوع دیوپسید هستند و گستره ترکیبی آنها شامل Wo46.03–51.16، En45.45–53.97 و Fs0.00–4.79 است و دارای مقادیر پایین Al2O3 و TiO2 بوده که با روند ترکیبی پریدوتیت‌های جلوی ‌کمان اقیانوسی تا پریدوتیت‌های اقیانوسی عمیق سازگار است. کروم‌اسپینل‌های موجود در کرومیتیت‌ها دارای قرابت ترکیبی با پریدوتیت‌های جلوی ‌کمان اقیانوسی هستند. این کروم‌اسپینل‌ها دارای عدد کروم (Cr#) بالا بوده و به نظر می‌رسد از یک مذاب بونینیتی شکل‌گرفته در شرایط آبدار و حاصل از درجه‌های بالای ذوب‌بخشی یک منبع گوشته‌ای تهی‌شده تبلور یافته‌اند. علاوه بر این، شیمی‌کانی در پریدوتیت‌های مورد بررسی ماهیتی دوگانه، شامل ویژگی‌های اقیانوسی- عمیق، جلوی ‌کمان و بونینیتی را نشان می‌دهد. این توالی گوشته‌ای احتمالاً در یک پهنه فرافرورانشی تکامل‌یافته است که ناشی از فرورانش اقیانوس نئوتتیس و برخورد نهایی صفحه عربی با بلوک مکران در کرتاسه پسین است.
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