منبع سیال کانسنگ‌ ساز در ذخایر اکسید آهن- آپاتیت ناحیه بافق، ایران مرکزی؛ رهیافتی بر پایه میان‌ بارهای سیال

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مبینا اسماعیلی زینی ¹

سعید علیرضایی ²

¹ دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زمین‌ شناسی معدنی و آب، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

² دانشیار، گروه زمین‌ شناسی معدنی و آب، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

10.22067/econg.2025.1155

چکیده

ناحیه فلززایی بافق در زون کاشمر- کرمان و بلوک ‌پشت‌بادام در زون ساختاری ایران ‌مرکزی، میزبان کانسارهای بزرگ اکسید آهن- آپاتیت در سنگ‌های آتشفشانی، رسوبی و توده‌های نفوذی کامبرین ‌پیشین و سنگ‌های دگرگونی پرکامبرین است. مدل‌های زایشی متفاوتی مانند ارتوماگمایی، گرمابی و رسوبی برای این ذخایر پیشنهاد‌شده ‌است. نسل‌های مختلف آپاتیت بر اساس اندازه، شکل و ارتباط پاراژنتیکی با کانسنگ‌ مگنتیت و سنگ میزبان شناسایی‌شده و برای شناخت ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی سیال، بررسی‌های میان‌بار ‌سیال روی دو نسل آپاتیت (I و II) از مرحله اصلی کانی‌سازی و کلسیت، کوارتز، کلریت و دولومیت دیرهنگام در نمونه‌هایی از ذخایر چادرملو، اسفوردی و گزستان انجام‌شد. دمای همگن‌شدگی و شوری سیال برای میان‌بارهای مایع- بخار در آپاتیت I و آپاتیت II از چادرملو به ترتیب 266 تا بیش ‌از 580 درجه سانتی‌گراد و 138 تا460 درجه سانتی‌گراد و 5/0 تا 7/10 و 8/12 تا 6/19 درصد وزنی معادل ‌نمک‌ طعام بود. برای میان‌بارهای مایع- بخار در آپاتیت I از اسفوردی، دمای ‌همگنی و شوری، 167 تا بیش از 500 درجه سانتی‌گراد و 5/2 تا 7/6 درصد وزنی معادل ‌نمک‌ طعام و برای آپاتیت II، بین 165 تا 464 درجه سانتی‌گراد و 8/9 تا 5/23 درصد وزنی معادل نمک ‌طعام به ‌دست آمد. برای میان‌بارهای حاوی هالیت در آپاتیت II از اسفوردی، دمای همگنی بیش از 500 درجه سانتی‌گراد و شوری 36 تا 37 درصد وزنی‌ معادل نمک ‌طعام ثبت‌شد. برای آپاتیت II در گزستان، دمای همگنی، 416 تا بیش از 500 درجه سانتی‌گراد و شوری 8/19 تا 8/25 درصد وزنی معادل ‌نمک ‌طعام و برای کلسیت  همزاد با پیریت دمای همگنی 180 تا 310 درجه سانتی‌گراد و شوری 40 تا 41 درصد وزنی معادل ‌نمک ‌طعام اندازه‌گیری شد. دمای یوتکتیک در میان‌بارهای سیال مختلف، 21- تا 53- درجه سانتی‌گراد به دست آمد که نشان‌دهنده حضور سامانه‌های سه‌ جزئی و پیچیده نمک‌هاست. این داده‌ها نقش دو سیال متفاوت را در تحول سامانه کانی‌سازی نشان می‌دهند: یک سیال ماگمایی- گرمابی، با دمای بالا ( کمتر از 150 تا بیش از 500 درجه سانتی‌گراد) و شوری کم تا متوسط (5/0 تا 8/25 درصد وزنی معادل نمک طعام) و دیگری، سیالی با دمای کمتر (183 تا 310 درجه سانتی‌گراد)؛ اما شوری بیشتر بالاتر. نقش این دو سیال، با داده‌های ایزوتوپی اکسیژن مگنتیت برای سیال اول و داده‌های ایزوتوپی گوگرد پیریت برای سیال دوم تأیید می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

میان بارسیال

اکسید آهن-آپاتیت

چادرملو- گزستان- اسفوردی

ناحیه فلززایی بافق

ایران مرکزی

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