ساختار، زمین‌ شیمی، شواهد ایزوتوپی اکسیژن و ریزدماسنجی میان‌ بارهای سیال کانسنگ سازند آهن نواری ادیاکاران (BIF) در محدوده کوشک، شمال‌ شرق بافق، ایران مرکزی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

کیامرث حسینی ¹

محمد یزدی ²

حسین عزیزی ³

¹ دانشجوی دکتری زمین‌ شناسی اقتصادی، دانشکده منابع معدنی و آب‌ های زیرزمینی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران ایران

² استاد، گروه زمین‌ شناسی، عضو هیئت علمی، گروه منابع معدنی و آب‌ های زیرزمینی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

³ استاد، گروه معدن، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

10.22067/econg.2025.1163

چکیده

کانسار کوشک در شمال‌شرقی شهرستان بافق، استان یزد و در زون ساختاری ایران مرکزی واقع‌شده است. کانی‌سازی آهن در محدوده کانسار کوشک توسط توالی‌های تناوبی دولومیت، جاسپیلیت، توف ریولیتی، واحدهای دگرنهادی، سیل دیوریتی و دایک دیابازی میزبانی می‌شود. بر اساس بررسی‌های صحرایی، سه نسل کانی‌سازی آهن در محدوده کوشک شناسایی‌شده است، 1- کانی‌سازی انتشاری هماتیت ورقه ای در زون تغذیه‌کننده، 2- کانی‌سازی رگه‌ای هماتیت ورقه‌ای± جاسپیلیت مرتبط با کلاهک‌های کربناته و دگرنهادی های میزبان، 3- کانی‌سازی هماتیت توده‌ای به‌ صورت لکه مانند. نمودارهای دوتایی Fe/Ti-Al(Al+Fe+Mn)، Fe-P، Co-Ni، V-Ti، V-Ni و Ni/(Cr+Mn)-Ti+V شباهت به BIF‌ها را برای این کانی‌زایی نشان می‌دهند. در نمودار Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)-Fe/Ti، کانسنگ‌های آهن کوشک در نزدیکی حوزه رسوب‌های فلزدار گرمابی برون‌دمی دریای سرخ و خیزش شرق اقیانوس آرام و همچنین BIF‌های نئوپروتروزوئیک قرار گرفته‌اند. از طرفی بر اساس نمودار Ti/V در برابر Al بیشتر کانسنگ‌های هماتیت توده‌ای و هماتیت ورقه‌ای به BIF‌های دگرگون‌نشده تا دگرگونی در رخساره شیست سبز شباهت دارد. الگوهای REE+Y، غنی‌شدگی LREEها، نسبت‌های Y/Ho کم تا متوسط، الگوهای مسطح HREE، ناهنجاری منفی و بسیار ضعیف Ce تا شبیه آب دریا و ناهنجاری مثبت Eu را نشان می‌دهند. مقادیر δ¹⁸O در هماتیت توده‌ای و هماتیت ورقه‌ای در تعادل با آب دریا و BIF‌های جهانی هستند؛ اما در مقایسه با BIF‌های آلگوما و سوپریور تفریق ایزوتوپی بالاتری نشان می‌دهد. بررسی‌های ریزدماسنجی میان‌بارهای سیال بیانگر نقش اختلاط سیالات و کاهش درجه حرارت در کانی‌زایی آهن در منطقه کوشک است و همچنین بیانگر وجود سیالات گرمابی با دمای 200 تا درجه سانتی‌گراد برای منشأ اکسی- هیدروکسیدهای آهن تشکیل‌شده توسط برهم‌کنش آب دریا- بازالت و هجوم آب‌های مذاب هم‌زمان با یخبندان است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

سازند آهن نواری ادیاکاران

زمین شیمی

ایزوتوپ پایدار

ریزدماسنجی

کوشک

ایران مرکزی

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