پتروژنز و زمین‌ شیمی عناصر کمیاب توده‌ های نفوذی، زون‌ های اسکارنی و کانسنگ اسکارن آهن شترسنگ، شمال‌ غرب نیشابور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استاد، گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

اسکارن آهن شترسنگ در 60 کیلومتری شمال‌غرب نیشابور در استان خراسان رضوی و در کمربند ماگمایی قوچان- سبزوار قرار دارد. نفوذ واحدهای نیمه عمیق ائوسن به درون سنگ‌های آهکی کرتاسه به اسکارن زایی در منطقه منجر شده است. این واحدها بر اساس ویژگی‌های زمین‌شیمیایی به دو گروه سینیت پورفیری و گرانودیوریت پورفیری تقسیم شده‌اند. توده‌های نفوذی از نوع I (اکسیدان)، متاآلومینوس بوده و محیط زمین‌ساختی توده‌ها زون فرورانش حاشیه قاره است. مقایسه توان کانه‌زایی توده‌های این منطقه بر اساس استفاده از نمودار SiO2 در برابر Na2O+K2O، MgO، K2O و نیز Ni-V نشان‌دهنده بارور بودن آنها از نظر تشکیل اسکارن آهن و مس است. سینیت پورفیری منشأ این کانی‌سازی است و منیزیم موجود در اسکارن، از سیال گرمابی گرفته‌شده است. نمودار نسبت‌های (Pr/Yb)n، Ce/Ce* و Eu/Eu* حضور آب‌های جوی را نیز در تشکیل زون اسکارن تأیید می‌کند. سیال اولیه که آنومالی مثبت  Ce/Ce* و Eu/Eu* دارد، شرایط اسیدی و اکسیدان و دمای بالا داشته و تشکیل پیروکسن اسکارن داده است. بخشی از کانی‌سازی مگنتیت در این زون تشکیل‌شده و در این شرایط بیشترین میزان REE وارد شبکه پیروکسن اسکارن شده و سیال را از نظر REE رقیق‌کرده است و همین عامل به کاهش شدید میزان REE در زون کانی‌سازی منجر شده است. آنومالی منفی Ce/Ce* و Eu/Eu*  بازگو کننده شرایط قلیایی با تمرکز کمتر محتوای REE را نشان می‌دهد که منطبق بر کلریت اسکارن است. بیشترین میزان کانی‌سازی در این زون تشکیل‌شده است.

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