دگرسانی و تغییر جرم سنگ های آذرین در محدوده تکتلار، شمال غرب زاهدان، جنوب‌ شرق ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران

3 مربی مدعو، گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران

چکیده

محدوده تکتلار در 140 کیلومتری شمال­ غرب شهر زاهدان، ­در پهنه زمین­ درز سیستان قرار دارد. در این منطقه سنگ ­های فلیش‌گونه ائوسن نظیر شیل، سیلتستون و ماسه ­سنگ به‌ وسیله سنگ­ های آذرین درونی، خروجی، نیمه ­عمیق و دایک­ های الیگومیوسن پوشیده یا قطع شده ­اند. سنگ ­های آذرین بیشتر شامل داسیت، آندزیت و دیوریت پورفیری هستند و اغلب دگرسان‌شده‌اند.
کانی‌زایی در محدوده تکتلار هم در سنگ‌های آذرین نیمه ‌عمیق و هم در سنگ‌های رسوبی به ‌صورت افشان و رگه‌ای رخ‌داده است. کانی‌زایی افشان با تشکیل گسترده پیریت با یا بدون کانی‌های مس‌دار مشخص می‌شوند و کانی‌زایی رگه‌ای شامل  رگه‌های سیلیسی طلادار، مالاکیت و گالن است. دگرسانی‌های گرمابی شامل انواع پتاسیک، فیلیک، آرژیلیک، سیلیسی، پروپیلیتیک و تورمالینی هستند. نتایج محاسبه تغییرات جرم نشان می ­دهد که در منطقه دگرسانی فیلیک، SiO2 غنی‌شدگی و بقیه عناصر تهی‌شدگی داشتند. در منطقه دگرسانی آرژیلیک میزان As، Mo، Zn و Pb افزایش و بقیه عناصر کاهش یافته‌اند و یا بدون تغییر بودند. رفتار عناصر در منطقه دگرسانی پروپیلیتیک متفاوت بوده و به طور کلی، افزایش عناصر اصلی چشمگیرتر است. عناصر کانسنگ‌ساز در نمونه­ هایی که دارای رگچه سیلیسی هستند، غنی‌شدگی بیشتری دارند؛ به­ طوری‌که، بیشترین غنی ­شدگی مس و مولیبدن در سنگ­ هایی است که دارای SiO2 و K2O بالاتر و دارای رگچه ­های داربستی کوارتز هستند. به طور کلی، در بیشتر مناطق دگرسانی، میزان مس، مولیبدن، سرب، روی و آرسنیک دارای غنی­ شدگی و عناصر خاکی کمیاب دارای تهی ­شدگی هستند. عناصر خاکی کمیاب سبک نسبت به عناصر خاکی کمیاب سنگین تهی ­شدگی بیشتری را نشان می ­دهند که نشانه‌ تحرک بیشتر آنها در سامانه ­های گرمابی است.

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