زمین شناسی، کانی‌شناسی و مطالعه ریزکاو الکترونی در کانسار آهن سراب-3، جنوب غرب منطقه معدنی شهرک (شرق تکاب)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه بوعلی سینا

چکیده

کانسار آهن سراب-3 در شرق شهرستان تکاب و درشمال زون سنندج- سیرجان واقع شده است. در اثر جایگیری توده نفوذی با ترکیب حدواسط تا اسیدی در سنگ‌های آهکی منطقه، کانه‌‌زایی آهن ± سولفید در منطقه رخداد است. طبق شواهد، کانسارسراب-3 متشکل از سه زیر پهنه برون اسکارن، درون اسکارن و کانسنگ آهن ± سولفید است. فرآیندهای اسکارنی شدن به دو مرحله پیش رونده و پسرونده قابل تقسیم است. در مرحله پیشرونده، جایگیری توده نفوذیدر سنگ‌های کربناتی باعث دگرگونی ایزوشیمیایی سنگ‌های درونگیر و تبلور مجدد کلسیت‌ها و تبدیل آن‌ها به آهک‌های دولومیتی در نزدیکی توده نفوذی شده است. تبلور توده نفوذی باعث تکامل فاز سیال هیدروترمال و نفوذ آن به داخل سنگ‌های درونگیر شده است. واکنش این سیالات با سنگ میزبان باعث ایجاد دگرسانی متاسوماتیک گسترده شده که توسط تشکیل کانی‌های کالک سیلیکاته بی آب نظیر آندرادیت و دیوپسید مشخص می‌شود. در مرحله پسرونده با تغییر شرایط فیزیکوشیمیایی نظیر کاهش دما کانی‌های کالک سیلیکاته بی آب به کانی‌های، کالک سیلیکاته آبدار (ترمولیت– اکتینولیت، اپیدوت)، سیلیکاته (کلریت، سرپانتین، تالک فلوگوپیت)، اکسیدی (مگنتیت و هماتیت)، سولفیدی (پیریت، کالکوپیریت) و کربناته (کلسیت) تبدیل شده‌اند. به دنبال آن، فعالیت‌های تأخیری، موجب تشکیل رگه‌های کوارتز- کلسیت کانه‌دار در منطقه شده است. در مرحله سوپرژن نیز، طی فرآیند اکسایش در بخش های سطحی و کم ژرفای کانسار، هماتیت‌های مارتیتی، کانی‌های أکسی-هیدروکسیدی آهن، کالکوسیت، کوولیت و کلریت (پنین) تشکیل شده است. مطالعات تجزیه نقطه‌ای الکترونی (EPMA) بر روی کانی‌های مگنتیت و هماتیت گویای مقدار بالای متوسط عناصر Mn(07/0 درصد وزنی) و Al (68/0 درصد وزنی) و مقادیر پایین متوسط عناصرTi (02/0 درصد وزنی) وV (01/0 درصد وزنی) است. با توجه به شواهد کانی‌شناسی اسکارن و ژئوشیمی مگنتیت، کانه‌زایی آهن درهمبری واحدهای کربنات و توده نفوذی، گویای خاستگاه اسکارنی کانسار آهن سراب-3 است.

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