Studies of petrography, metasomatic alteration, and genesis of Kamtal iron-copper skarn, northeast of Kharvana, East-Azarbaijan

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

• Rasoul Ferdowsi ¹
• Ali Asghar Calagari ¹
• Ghader Hosseinzadeh ¹
• Ghahraman Sohrabi ²

¹ Tabriz

² University of Mohaghegh Ardebily

10.22067/econg.v4i1.13392

Abstract

Kamtal skarn is located 15 km northeast of Kharvana, East-Azarbaijan. A quartz-monzonitic stock of Oligocene age intruded the upper Cretaceous sedimentary sequence (claystone, limestone, marl, and siltstone) developing noticeable metamorphic (marble, hornfels) and metasomatic (skarn) alteration zones along the contact. Kamtal skarn is of calcic type and consists of both endoskarn and exoskarn zones. Exoskarn includes two zones of garnet skarn and epidote skarn. Skarnification processes are divided mainly in two major stages (1) prograde and (2) retrograde. During prograde stage, the emplacement of intrusive body caused isochemical metamorphism of the wall rocks and developed marble and hornfels units in enclosing rocks. Crystallization of intrusive body led to evolvement of hydrothermal fluid phase which infiltrated into enclosing rocks. Reaction of these fluids with the early-formed metamorphosed wall rocks brought about extensive progressive metasomatic alteration characterized by the formation of anhydrous calc-silicate minerals such as garnets and pyroxenes at a temperature range of 420-550°C and ¦O2=10-22-10-25. Retrograde stage was accompanied by some physicochemical changes (decrease in temperature to

Keywords

• Kharvana
• Kamtal
• skarn
• metasomatic alteration
• physicochemical condition

20.1001.1.20087306.1391.4.1.3.4

---

References

[1] Movahhed A., Mellakpour M. A., khoi k., "Geological Prospecting in Dozal- Gulan area" Geology reoport, Geological Survey of Iran) 1972(.

[2] Eftekharnezhad J., "Geological Map of Tabriz – Poldasht, 1:250000" ,Geological Survey of Iran) 1989( No B1 & B2.

[3] علوی نائینی م. ح.،" اکتشافات ژئوشیمیایی کانیهای سنگین در ورقه 1:100000 سیه رود"، گزارش سازمان زمین شناسی کشور شماره 76 (1371) 188 ص.

[4] مهرپرتو.، "نقشه زمین شناسی1:100000سیه رود"، سازمان زمین شناسی کشور (1376).

[5] امینی فضل ع.، "مطالعه پترولوژی، مینرالوژی و ژئوشیمی توده نفوذی قره داغ (گرانیت اردوباد)- شمال غرب ایران"، رساله دکتری، آکادمی علوم جمهوری آذربایجان (1373) 258 ص.

[6] سیاه چشم ک.، "مطالعه کانی شناسی، دگرسانی و تحولات متاسوماتیکی ذخیره اسکارن پهناور(شرق سیه رود)"، پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه تبریز (1381) 139 ص.

[7] مختاری ع. ا.، "پترولوژی، ژئوشیمی و پتروژنز باتولیت قره داغ (خاور سیه رود- آذربایجان شرقی) و هاله اسکارنی آن، با نگرشی بر کانی‌سازی مرتبط با توده نفوذی"، رساله دکتری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس (1387) 303 ص.

[8] فردوسی ر.، "بررسی دگرسانی های متاسوماتیک در اطراف توده گرانیتوئیدی کمتال، خاروانا- آذربایجان شرقی ". پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه تبریز (1390) 123 ص.

[9] Phillips W. R., Griffin D. T., "Optical mineralogy the non-opaque minerals", Shahdara. CBS publication and Distributors, Oxford University press New York) 1986( 550 p.

[10] Zotov A. V., kudrine A. V., Levine K. A., Shikina N. D., Varyash L. N., "Experimental studies of the solubility and complexing of selected ore elements (Au, Ag, Cu, Mo, As, Sb, Hg) in aqueous solution", Chapman and Hall, London )1995( 323 p.

[11] Rose A.W., Burt D. M., "Hydrothermal alteration. In Barnes, H.L., (ed), Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Ore Deposits", 2en ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York )1979( 798 p.

[12] Beane R. E., "The magmatic-metoric transition", Geothermal Resources Council, Reports )1982 (13 245-253.

[13] Einaudi M. T., "General features and origin of skarn associated with porphyry copper plutons, southwestern North America", In Titley, S. R., ed., Advanccesin Geology of the porphyry copper deposits, southwestern North America. University of Arizona Press )1982b( 185-210.

[14] Deer W. A., Howi R‌. A., Zussman J‌., "An introduction to the rock‌ forming minerals", Longman Scientific & Technical )1996(.

[15] Calagari A. A., Hosseinzadeh G., "The mineralogy of copper-bearing skarn to the east of the Sungun-Chay river, East-Azarbaidjan, Iran", Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 28 )2005( 423-438.

[16] Einaudi M. T., "Description of skarn associated with porphyry copper plutons, southwestern North America", University of Arizona Press )1982a( 139-184.

[17] Meinert L. D., Hedenquist J. W., Satho H., Matsuhisa Y., "Formation of anhydrous and hydrous skarn in Cu- Au ore deposits by magmatic fluids", Economic Geology 98 (2003) 147-156.

[18] Mollai H., Sharma R., Pe-PiPer G., "Copper mineralization around the Ahar(NW Iran): evidence for evolution and the origin of the skarn ore deposit", Ore Geology Reviews 35 (2009) 401- 414.

[19] Oyman T., "Geochemistry, mineralogy and genesis of the Ayazmant Fe-‌Cu skarn deposition in Ayvalik, (Balikesir), Turkey", Ore Geology Reviews 37) 2010 (175- 201.

[20] حسین زاده ق.، "بررسی کانسار مس تیپ اسکارنی انجرد، شمال غرب اهر"، پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد. دانشگاه تبریز، (1378) 118 صفحه.

[21] Xu G., Lin X., "Geology and geochemistry of the Changlongshan skarn iron deposit. Anhui province, China", Ore Geology Reviews 16) 2000( 91- 106.