زمین شناسی، دگرسانی، کانه زایی، ژئوشیمی اکتشافی و پترولوژی توده های نفوذی در محدوده اکتشافی شاه سلطان‌ علی (جنوب غربی بیرجند، استان خراسان جنوبی)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

منطقه اکتشافی شاه سلطان‌علی در شرق بلوک لوت و جنوب غربی بیرجند قرار دارد. در این منطقه طیف گسترده ای از واحدهای نیمه‌عمیق با ترکیب مونزونیت پورفیری، مونزودیوریت- پورفیری و دیوریت پورفیری درون واحدهای آتشفشانی با ترکیب آندزیت‌– بازالت نفوذ کرده، و به تشکیل انواع دگرسانی‌های پروپلیتیک، کوارتز‌– سرسیت‌– پیریت، آرژیلیک، سیلیسی، سرسیتی و کربناته منجر شده است. طبق بررسی‌های ژئوشیمیایی، تودههای درونی منطقه همه از نوع متا‌ آلومینوس با ماهیت کالک‌آلکالن پتاسیم بالا تا شوشونیتی است و این توده‌‌ها در دسته مگنتیت نوع I طبقه‌بندی می شوند. غنی شدگی عناصر LREE نسبت به HREE همراه با آنومالی منفی Nb نشان دهنده تشکیل ماگما در زون فرورانش است. از نظر تکتنوماگمایی توده های بالا در محیط گرانیتوئیدهای کمان‌های آتشفشانی قرار می گیرند. کانی سازی اصلی منطقه در واحد‌های مونزونیت پورفیری و مونزودیوریت پورفیری با دگرسانی کوارتز‌– سرسیت‌– پیریت رخ‌داده است. این توده ها بالاترین تراکم رگه‌چه، بالاترین درصد اکسید آهن و بیشترین ناهنجاری ژئوشیمیایی عناصر را نشان می دهند. همچنین چهار نوع کانی‌سازی استوک ورک، رگه ای، افشان و برش گرمابی همراه این توده‌ها دیده می‌شود. در بررسی‌های ژئوشیمیایی خرده‌سنگی، دامنه تغییرات عناصری مثل مس از 30 تا 454 گرم در تن، روی 27 تا 279 گرم در تن، آنتیموان 9/0 تا 152 گرم در تن، طلا 5 تا 128 میلی گرم در تن متغیر است که این آنومالی ها بر دگرسانی کوارتز‌– سرسیت‌– پیریت با کانی سازی استوک ورک منطبق است. با توجه به تنوع واحد‌های نیمه‌عمیق نوع I با ماهیت کالک‌آلکالن پتاسیم بالا تا شوشونیتی، گسترش و نوع آلتراسیون ها، کانی سازی استوک ورک و آنومالی عناصر، احتمالاً این منطقه مرتبط با سیستم های مس پورفیری است.

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