تکامل فیزیکوشیمیایی سیال گرمابی در سامانه مس پورفیری کوه اسفند، جنوب جیرفت، استان کرمان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زمین‏شناسی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید چمران، اهواز، ایران

2 استاد، گروه زمین ‏شناسی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید چمران، اهواز، ایران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه دامغان، دامغان، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه زمین ‏شناسی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید چمران، اهواز، ایران

5 دانشیار، گروه زمین ‏شناسی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید چمران، اهواز، ایران

6 کارشناس ارشد تحقیقات اکتشاف، مرکز تحقیقات و فناوری شرکت معدنی و صنعتی گلگهر، کرمان، ایران

7 دانشجوی کارشناسی، گروه زمین‏ شناسی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید چمران، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

کانسار مس کوه اسفند در جنوبی ‏ترین بخش از کمربند ماگمایی ارومیه- دختر واقع‌شده است. توده ‏های نفوذی با طیف دیوریت تا کوارتزدیوریت و گرانودیوریت الیگوسن- میوسن در مجموعه آتشفشانی ائوسن جای گرفته ‏اند. بر اساس طبقه ‏بندی رگه- رگچه ‏ها، مرحله کانی ‏سازی اصلی شامل کوارتز پیریت کالکوپیریت مرتبط با دگرسانی پتاسیک است. بر اساس بررسی‌های سنگ‌نگاری، میان‌بارهای سیال در کانی کوارتز در سه گروه اصلی و هفت گروه فرعی طبقه ‏بندی می‏شوند: 1- میان‌بارهای سیال غنی از گاز شامل: میان‌بارهای سیال تک فازی گازی (V)، میان‌بارهای سیال دوفازی غنی از گاز ساده (VL) و میان‌بارهای سیال غنی از گاز همراه با فاز کدر (VLS) ، 2- میان‌بارهای سیال غنی از مایع شامل: میان‌بارهای سیال دوفازی غنی از مایع ساده (LV) و میان‌بارهای سیال غنی از مایع همراه با فاز کدر (LVS) و 3- میان‌بارهای سیال شور شامل: میان‌بارهای سیال سه فازی شور ساده (LVH) و میان‌بارهای سیال شور چند فازی (LVHS) حاوی فاز جامد هالیت هماتیت انیدریت سیلویت کالکوپیریت). میان‌بارهای سیال شور چند فازی با دما و شوری بالا (358 تا 598 درجه سانتی‏ گراد و 42 تا 70 درصد شوری معادل نمک طعام) با منشأ ماگمایی نخستین سیالات تشکیل‏ دهنده کانسار و میا‌ن‌بارهای سیال دوفازی غنی از مایع با دما و شوری پایین (290 تا490 درجه سانتی‏گراد و 11 تا 20 درصد شوری معادل نمک طعام) با منشأ ماگمایی- جوی مرتبط با آخرین گردش سیال گرمابی و اختلاط با سیال با شوری پایین‏ تر ‏هستند. کاهش دما ناشی از وقوع فرایند جوشـش ثانویه و اخـتلاط سـیالات ماگمایی و جوی به ناپایداری کمپلکس کلریدی حامل فلز مس و کانی‏ سازی در شرایط مساعد منجر‌شده است.

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